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In a shared network environment, computers are connected to hubs called
repeaters. All ports of the repeater hub share a fixed amount of bandwidth, or
data capacity. On a 100Mbps shared hub, all nodes on the hub must share the
100Mbps of bandwidth. As stations are added to the hub, the effective
bandwidth available to any individual station gets smaller. Shared hubs do not
support full duplex.
Think of a shared repeater hub as a single-lane highway that everyone shares.
As the number of vehicles on the highway increases, the traffic becomes
congested and transit time increases for individual cars.
On a shared hub all nodes must operate at the same speed, either 10Mbps or
100Mbps. Fast Ethernet repeaters provide 100 Mbps of available bandwidth,
ten times more than what?s available with a 10Base-T repeater.
Repeaters use a well-established, uncomplicated design, making them highly
cost effective for connecting PCs within a workgroup. These are the most
common type of Ethernet hubs in the installed base.
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In a switched network environment, each port gets a fixed, dedicated amount of
bandwidth. In the highway scenario, each car has its own lane on a multi-lane
highway and there is no sharing.
In a switched environment, data is sent only to the port that leads to the proper
destination station. Network bandwidth is not shared among all stations, and
each new station added to the switch gets access to the full bandwidth of the
network.
If a new station is added to a 100Mbps switching hub, the new station receives
its own dedicated 100 Mbps link and doesn?t impact the 100Mbps bandwidth of
another station. Switching hubs can effectively increase the overall bandwidth
available on the network, significantly improving performance. Switching hubs
can also support full duplex.
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